{"id":9974,"date":"2022-03-01T23:35:25","date_gmt":"2022-03-01T16:35:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/?p=9974"},"modified":"2023-10-06T07:00:59","modified_gmt":"2023-10-06T00:00:59","slug":"iron-triangle-of-project-management-batasan-dalam-project-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/en\/iron-triangle-of-project-management-batasan-dalam-project-management\/","title":{"rendered":"Iron Triangle of Project Management : Batasan dalam Project Management"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-aioseo-table-of-contents\"><ul><li><a class=\"aioseo-toc-item\" href=\"#aioseo-apa-itu-project-management\">Apa itu Project Management<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aioseo-apa-itu-project-management\">Apa itu Project Management<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/en\/bagaimana-project-management-dalam-mobile-apps-development\/\">Project management<\/a> adalah sebuah ilmu dalam hal perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengelolaan (menjalankan serta pengendalian), untuk dapat mencapai tujuan-tujuan proyek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tugas ini menjadi tanggung jawab seorang project manager. Seorang project manager harus menguasai 3 hal dalam project management, yaitu :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Perencanaan <em>(planning)<\/em> adalah peramalan masa yang akan datang dan perumusan kegiatan-kegiatan yang akan dilakukan untuk mencapai tujuan yang ditetapkan berdasarkan peramalan tersebut. Perencanaan juga berarti membuat Road Map pengembangan, merencanakan bagaimana sebuah <a href=\"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/en\/5-kesalahan-yang-sering-dilakukan-developer-mobile-apps\/\">aplikasi<\/a> akan menyelesaikan sebuah masalah yang menjadi tujuan pengembangan di awal. Semua fitur, design, produksi, hingga <a href=\"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/en\/jangan-anggap-remeh-ini-alasan-kenapa-maintenance-website-itu-penting\/\">maintenance<\/a> dirancang oleh seorang project manager sesuai dengan tujuan awal. Seorang project manager juga mempersiapkan bagaimana maintenance untuk menunjang kinerja aplikasi, juga merancang update dan pengembangan selanjutnya akan ke arah mana. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pengaturan <em>(organizing)<\/em> bertujuan melakukan pengaturan dan pengelompokan kegiatan proyek konstruksi agar kinerja yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Sulit membayangkan ada sebuah proyek yang dijalankan tanpa adanya batasan. Batasan tersebut bisa dari waktu\/timeline, biaya, atau <em>scope<\/em> pengembangan aplikasi. Oleh karena itu, seorang project manager harus dapat mengatur semua sumber daya yang tersedia, agar mampu mengembangkan proyek sesuai dengan kebutuhan, tanpa melebih batasan-batasan yang sudah ditentukan.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Pengendalian <em>(controlling)<\/em> adalah proses penetapan apa yang telah dicapai, evaluasi kerja, dan langkah perbaikan bila diperlukan. Seorang project manager selain mengatur sumber daya dan proses produksi, juga mengendalikan kualitas hasil produksi agar dapat menjadi <a href=\"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/en\/5-masalah-yang-biasa-terjadi-dalam-pembuatan-mobile-apps\/\">solusi<\/a> permasalahan. Seorang project manager juga harus mampu mengendalikan faktor-faktor yang berpotensi menimbulkan kerugian atau kegagalan proyek (analisa resiko).&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pada akhirnya, kinerja seorang project manager juga diukur dari keberhasilan memenuhi target yang sudah ditetapkan oleh tiap-tiap stakeholdernya. Jika di vendor pembuatan aplikasi seperti <a href=\"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/en\/5-developer-mobile-app-terbaik-di-indonesia-tahun-2024\/\">Crocodic<\/a>, stakeholder yang dimaksud ada beragam. Yang paling utama tentu saja customer, karena tujuan utama pengembangan aplikasi adalah untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang sedang dihadapi oleh customer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dalam pelaksanaannya, sebuah proyek pasti ada batasan atau <em>constraint<\/em>. Dalam dunia project management, ada 3 hal yang membatasi sebuah project. 3 hal ini sering disebut sebagai <strong><em>Iron Triangle of Project Management<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Constraint dalam project management<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gambaran dari segitiga manajemen proyek adalah sebagai berikut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/9mw3tT8L4Arv5lh4nHakhdV-sJuHmBwl3wuVB5DH77WkhCuMwE66dVkNHf3XQc2CQ7eqJ4gS9YHSF0KhSCKzAHb4tn7CD_SvCXqX510jY0JScyo6CHJ33zD7iEiw6Z3gAANWGOM5\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@harpreet.dhillon\/iron-triangle-triple-constraints-of-project-management-e818e631826c#:~:text=Iron%20Triangle%20in%20project%20management,factors%20need%20to%20be%20balanced.\">Constraint dalam pengembangan aplikasi<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dipopulerkan oleh Dr. Martin Barnes pada era 1980an. Segitiga ini menempatkan Biaya (<em>cost<\/em>), Waktu yang dikeluarkan (time), serta Lingkup kerja (<em>scope<\/em>) sebagai tiga pilar yang menentukan kualitas.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Biaya, <em>self explanatory<\/em>, adalah jumlah pundi rupiah yang dikeluarkan dalam proses produksi proyek. Biaya tenaga kerja, tools, listrik, mesin, dan hal hal lain yang jika tidak dibayarkan biayanya, maka keberlangsungan proyek tidak mungkin tercapai. Kaitannya dengan <em>cash flow<\/em> perusahaan, sehingga perlu ditekan serendah mungkin oleh project manager.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Waktu, timeline yang dibutuhkan sejak awal perencanaan, <em>kick off<\/em> proyek, hingga penyelesaian dan maintenance proyek. Semakin lama, tentu semakin merugikan si pemilik proyek.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ruang lingkup kerja, berisi spesifikasi dan detail proyek yang akan dikerjakan. Tentunya, semakin detail, dan banyak <em>task<\/em> yang harus diselesaikan, maka akan memakan lebih banyak waktu dan biaya.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seorang project manager bertugas mencari titik temu dari ketiga aspek ini, demi mendapatkan hasil yang berkualitas. Sayangnya, pada kenyataan selalu ada batasan terhadap ketiga pilar ini. Kita akan sering menemukan fakta bahwa kita hanya bisa memaksimalkan dua hal saja, yang akibatnya adalah mengorbankan pilar yang ketiga.&nbsp;Contohnya, jika seorang project manager akan berfokus pada biaya dan ruang lingkup pekerjaan, maka besar kemungkinan harus merelakan waktu pengerjaan yang akan lebih panjang. Jika waktu pengerjaan terbatas, dan banyak yang detail spesifikasi yang harus diselesaikan, dari segi biaya tidak akan murah. Terakhir, apabila kita kejar tayang agar proyek lekas rilis ke publik, tetapi tidak cukup <em>resource<\/em> atau biaya yang dapat kita sediakan, maka jangan berharap dapat mencakup banyak spesifikasi dan fitur yang dapat diselesaikan untuk customer. Ada banyak <a href=\"https:\/\/crocodic.com\/en\/software-development-life-cycle\/\">tahapan pengembangan aplikasi<\/a> yang terancam terlewatkan. Kecuali, kita mampu menyewa tenaga Bandung Bondowoso untuk pengerjaan proyek ini, yang bisa selesai dalam waktu semalam saja. \n\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apa itu Project Management Project management adalah sebuah ilmu dalam hal perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengelolaan (menjalankan serta pengendalian), untuk dapat mencapai tujuan-tujuan proyek. Tugas ini menjadi tanggung jawab seorang project manager. Seorang project manager harus menguasai 3 hal dalam project management, yaitu : Perencanaan (planning) adalah peramalan masa yang akan datang dan perumusan kegiatan-kegiatan yang akan [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[470],"tags":[373],"class_list":["post-9974","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mobile-apps-development","tag-project-management"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dalam pengelolaan sebuah proyek, akan ada batasan-batasan yang harus diatasi terutama oleh seorang project manager. seperti apa peran project manager dan batasan apa yang biasanya muncul?\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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